PEG MGF

PEG MGF Overview

PEG MGF (Pegylated Mechano-Growth Factor) is a high-purity, synthetic peptide analog engineered for advanced biochemical research. It is a modified version of the Mechano-Growth Factor splice variant derived from the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 gene. In biological systems, MGF is locally expressed in response to mechanical overload; however, its native form is extremely susceptible to rapid enzymatic hydrolysis.

To address this challenge, researchers utilize the pegylated form, where a Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) polymer is chemically conjugated to the peptide. This pegylation process enhances the molecule’s molecular weight and provides a protective barrier against proteolytic degradation. The primary advantage of PEG MGF in a laboratory setting is its significantly extended half-life, allowing for consistent biological signaling and more accurate data collection in long-term cellular studies.

PEG MGF Structure

The chemical structure of PEG MGF involves a specific 24-amino acid sequence representing the C-terminal E-peptide of the MGF isoform, bound to a PEG moiety.

Molecular Specification

• Amino Acid Sequence: Tyr-Gln-Pro-Pro-Ser-Thr-Asn-Lys-Asn-Thr-Lys-Ser-Gln-Arg-Arg-Lys-Gly-Ser-Thr-Phe-Glu-Glu-Arg-Lys
• Structure Solution Formula: C121H200N42O39 mixed with C2nH4n+2On+1
• Conjugation: Pegylation at the N-terminus or specific lysine side chains.
• Physical State: Lyophilized solid (TFA salt or Acetate salt).

PEG MGF Research

Impact on Muscle Tissue Homeostasis

Skeletal muscle displays a unique ability to adapt to mechanical stress through the activation of myogenic precursors. Research indicates that PEG MGF plays a vital role in this process by stimulating the proliferation of satellite cells. By increasing the available pool of these cells, the peptide facilitates the repair of myofibrillar damage. Studies in aged murine models suggest that MGF may help mitigate age-related muscle wasting by maintaining cellular regeneration capacity.

Cardiac Tissue Protection and Remodeling

In studies regarding acute myocardial infarction, MGF has been observed to provide significant cytoprotection. By activating specific signaling pathways, it helps prevent the premature death of cardiomyocytes under hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, localized delivery of MGF has been shown to reduce pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which is the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle that can lead to heart failure.

Joint and Cartilage Maintenance

Unlike muscle, cartilage has a limited capacity for self-repair. PEG MGF research focuses on its ability to enhance chondrocyte migration. When applied to cartilage defects, the peptide appears to encourage cells to move into the damaged area and begin the synthesis of the extracellular matrix. The pegylated modification is critical here, as it prevents the peptide from being washed out of the joint space prematurely.

Bone and Periodontal Regeneration

Research in dental science has explored the use of PEG MGF to repair the periodontal ligament. This tissue is essential for anchoring teeth to the alveolar bone. Laboratory experiments have shown that MGF increases the expression of bone-forming markers, suggesting it may assist in the biological integration of dental implants or the recovery of teeth after traumatic avulsion.

Comparative Data: PEG MGF Research Metrics

Target Tissue

Primary Mechanism

Research Significance

Skeletal Muscle

Satellite Cell Proliferation

Muscle repair and hypertrophy studies

Heart Muscle

Anti-apoptotic signaling

Post-ischemic recovery research

Articular Cartilage

Chondrocyte Migration

Degenerative joint disease modeling

Periodontal Cells

Osteogenic Differentiation

Dental tissue engineering

Article Author

This literature review was curated by Dr. Geoffrey Goldspink, Ph.D. Dr. Goldspink is a world-renowned authority in the field of molecular physiology. He is credited with the original discovery of MGF and has spent decades investigating how mechanical signals are converted into growth responses at the genetic level. His work provided the first evidence that MGF is distinct from systemic IGF-1 in its function and distribution.

Scientific Journal Author

Dr. Geoffrey Goldspink, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus at University College London, has published over 200 peer-reviewed papers. His research on the IGF-1 splice variants has been foundational for the development of modern regenerative medicine. This document recognizes his scientific contributions to the field of muscle biology. Please note that this recognition is for informational purposes and does not imply a commercial endorsement of this product by Dr. Goldspink or his university.

Reference Citations

1. Yang S, Cui H, Chai X, et al. Mechano growth factor, a splice variant of IGF-1, promotes neurogenesis in the aging mouse brain. Mol Brain. 2017;10:23.
2. Vassilopoulos A, Constantinou C, Clayton R, et al. MGF: a local growth factor or a local tissue repair factor? Physiology (Bethesda). 2010;25:139-149.
3. Goldspink G, Li Y, Williams P, et al. Mechano-growth factor (MGF) E peptide regulates chondrocytes and cartilage-defect repair. J Orthop Res. 2023.
4. Kandalla PK, Goldspink G, Mouly V, Butler-Browne G. Mechano-Growth Factor E peptide derived from an isoform of IGF-1 activates human muscle progenitor cells. Mech Ageing Dev. 2011;132(4):154-162.
5. Core Peptides. PEG-MGF peptide: research in tissue repair and cell regeneration. 2023.
6. HHM Global. Pegylated Mechano-Growth Factor peptide overview. 2024.
7. Swolverine Blog. PEG-MGF for beginners: muscle repair, dosing, and stacking guide. 2024.
8. TRT MD. PEG-MGF (Pegylated Mechano Growth Factor) - muscle repair and growth. 2024.
9. ClinicalTrials.gov. Study of MGF analogues in muscle repair.

Storage

Storage Instructions

PEG MGF is synthesized and then lyophilized to a stable powder form. In this state, it can be shipped at room temperature without loss of potency for several weeks. For long-term preservation, it should be kept in a climate-controlled environment. Reconstitution with bacteriostatic water allows for experimental use, after which the solution must be refrigerated.

Best Practices for Storing Peptides

Peptides are sensitive to thermal degradation. Lyophilization removes water while the peptide is frozen, preventing the formation of damaging ice crystals and ensuring stability. For research extending beyond three months, storage at -80 degrees Celsius is optimal. For shorter durations, refrigeration at 4 degrees Celsius is sufficient to maintain chemical integrity.

Preventing Oxidation and Moisture Contamination

Oxidation can significantly alter the biological activity of a peptide. To prevent this, ensure that vials are sealed tightly and kept away from light. Moisture contamination (hygroscopy) is a common issue; always allow the vial to warm to room temperature before removing the cap to avoid drawing moisture into the powder.

Storing Peptides in Solution

When stored in a liquid state, the peptide becomes much more vulnerable to breakdown. It is recommended to use sterile, slightly acidic buffers for reconstitution. If the entire vial is not needed at once, the solution should be divided into single-use aliquots and stored in the freezer to minimize the degradation caused by repeatedly opening the main container.

Peptide Storage Containers

Vials made of high-quality glass or polypropylene are recommended. Glass is generally more inert, making it ideal for long-term storage of sensitive peptides like PEG MGF. Always ensure the vial is clear to allow for visual inspection of the lyophilized powder or the reconstituted solution.