TB-500

TB-500 Peptide Overview

TB-500 is a synthetic peptide based on the biologically active domain of Thymosin Beta-4, a protein ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells. Consisting of 43 amino acids, this compound is a cornerstone of current research into mammalian regenerative pathways. Its primary influence is observed in the modulation of the cytoskeleton, specifically through its interactions with actin. In various experimental models, TB-500 has demonstrated the ability to catalyze the repair of soft tissues, including tendons and ligaments, which are traditionally slow to heal due to limited vascularity.

TB-500 Peptide - 10mg Overview

The 10mg TB-500 variant is synthesized to provide researchers with a stable analogue of the G-actin sequestering site of Thymosin Beta-4. The peptide highlights the 17 to 23 amino acid sequence, which is the functional core required for cellular migration and wound closure. Experimental evidence indicates that TB-500 administration can lead to an upregulation of microRNA-146a, thereby suppressing the activity of pro-inflammatory enzymes. This results in a more controlled healing environment, characterized by increased angiogenesis and enhanced recruitment of progenitor cells.

TB-500 Peptide Structure

This peptide is manufactured under strict laboratory standards to ensure consistent molecular behavior.

Structure Solution Formula: Carbon 212, Hydrogen 350, Nitrogen 56, Oxygen 78, Sulfur 1

Parameter

Laboratory Data

Product Type

Research Grade Peptide

Residue Count

43 Amino Acids

Formula Weight

4963.5 g/mol

State

Crystalline Powder

Storage Form

Lyophilized

Active Site

Residues 17 to 23

TB-500 Peptide Mechanism of Action

The physiological action of TB-500 is rooted in its relationship with actin, the most abundant protein in the cellular cytoplasm. TB-500 acts as a molecular chaperone for actin monomers, preventing them from polymerizing until the cell receives a signal to move or divide. This capacity to mobilize actin allows for rapid extension — the mechanism by which cells crawl toward a target. In muscular tissues, this mechanism supports the contraction-relaxation cycle and ensures that satellite cells can effectively migrate to sites of micro-trauma for repair.

TB-500 Research

1. TB-500 and Neurologic Function

Recent studies in rodent models have explored TB-500's role in neural plasticity. The peptide has been shown to enhance the proliferation of myelinating cells, potentially aiding in the recovery of motor function following central nervous system injury. In spinal cord research, TB-500 appears to protect neural stem cells from the toxic effects of inflammation.

2. TB-500 and Blood Vessel Growth

TB-500 is recognized for its ability to induce vasculogenesis. By promoting the migration of endothelial cells, the peptide initiates the formation of new vessel lumens. Research suggests that TB-500 organizes the cellular components required to build a stable, functional circulatory network in damaged areas.

3. TB-500 and Hair Growth

Investigations into follicular regeneration have found that TB-500 activates hair follicle stem cells. In mice, the topical introduction of the peptide resulted in a significant increase in hair shaft thickness and a reduction in the time required for fur regrowth after a dormant phase.

4. TB-500 and Antibiotic Synergy

Studies focusing on ocular health have shown that TB-500 can work in tandem with antibiotics like ciprofloxacin. In the presence of the peptide, the bacterial clearance rate for Pseudomonas infections was significantly improved. This suggests that TB-500 may improve the host's localized immune response.

5. TB-500 and Cardiovascular Health

The peptide's cardiac benefits include the preservation of heart tissue after ischemic damage. TB-500 promotes the survival of myocytes and triggers the migration of epicardial progenitor cells. These cells can then differentiate into new heart tissue or supporting vessels, effectively reducing the impact of myocardial infarction.

6. TB-500 and Neurodegenerative Diseases

In models of protein-misfolding diseases, TB-500 has been shown to stimulate autophagy. By assisting the cell in identifying and recycling damaged proteins, the peptide provides a neuroprotective effect that may slow the progression of chronic neurodegenerative conditions.

7. TB-500 Has Wide Application

Because it targets the foundational structural proteins of the cell, TB-500 has diverse research applications. It is currently being studied for its effects on the cornea, the heart, and the skeletal system. Its high level of stability and established safety in animal trials make it a primary subject for ongoing longitudinal studies.

Article Author

This literature review was compiled, edited, and organized by Dr. Daniel C. Crockford, Ph.D. Dr. Crockford is a respected biomedical scientist recognized for his extensive research on thymosin beta-4 and its synthetic counterpart, TB-500. His work has played a major role in expanding scientific understanding of the peptide’s involvement in angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, and cellular repair. Through numerous studies and collaborative reviews, Dr. Crockford has contributed to defining the therapeutic and biological potential of thymosin beta-4 analogues in cardiovascular, neurological, and regenerative medicine.

Scientific Journal Author

Dr. Daniel C. Crockford has conducted comprehensive studies on thymosin beta-4 and its related compounds, examining their structural properties, actin-binding dynamics, and biological effects on processes such as wound healing, blood vessel formation, and cardiac recovery. His research—along with that of collaborators including N. Turjman, C. Allan, J. Angel, K.M. Malinda, I. Bock-Marquette, D. Philp, and A.L. Goldstein—has significantly advanced the current understanding of thymosin beta-4’s molecular mechanisms and its role in promoting tissue repair and regeneration.

Dr. Crockford is widely regarded as one of the principal contributors to the early scientific investigation of thymosin beta-4 and its derivative, TB-500. This acknowledgment is intended solely to recognize the scientific contributions of Dr. Crockford and his colleagues. It should not be interpreted as an endorsement or promotional statement. Montreal Peptides Canada maintains no affiliation, sponsorship, or professional association with Dr. Crockford or any researchers mentioned herein.

Reference Citations

Malinda KM, et al. Thymosin Beta-4 accelerates wound healing. J Invest Dermatol. 1999;113(3):364–368.

Xu B, et al. Thymosin Beta-4 enhances ligament healing in rats. Regul Pept. 2013;184:1-5.

Bock-Marquette I, et al. Thymosin Beta-4 activates integrin-linked kinase and promotes cardiac repair. Nature. 2004;432(7016):466-472.

Srivastava D, et al. Cardiac repair with thymosin Beta-4 and cardiac reprogramming factors. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2012;1270:66-72.

Santra M, et al. Thymosin Beta-4 regulation of microRNA-146a in inflammation. J Biol Chem. 2014;289 (28):19508-19518.

Philp D, et al. Thymosin Beta-4 and tissue regeneration. J Invest Dermatol. 2004;123(4):802-809.

Crockford D, et al. Thymosin beta-4: structure and function review. Ann NY Acad Sci. 2010;1194:179–189.

Goldstein AL, et al. History and development of thymosins. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007;1112:1-13.

Bock-Marquette I, et al. Thymosin Beta-4 supports myocardial migration and survival. Nature. 2004;432:466-472.

Crockford D, Turjman N, Allan C, Angel J. Thymosin Beta-4: structure and function review. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2010;1194:179-189.

Storage Instructions

All products are produced through a lyophilization process, preserving stability for 3 to 4 months during shipping. Reconstituted peptides must be refrigerated and remain stable for 30 days. Lyophilized powder can be safely kept at room temperature until reconstituted. For long-term storage, use a freezer at -80 degrees Celsius. Keep cool and protected from light upon receipt.

Best Practices For Storing Peptides

Correct storage prevents contamination and degradation. Refrigerate below 4 degrees Celsius for short-term use. For long-term stability, freeze at -80 degrees Celsius. Avoid frequent freeze-thaw cycles and frost-free freezers.

Preventing Oxidation and Moisture Contamination

Exposure to air and moisture compromises stability. Allow vials to reach room temperature before opening to avoid condensation. Reseal promptly after use. Use a dry, inert gas like nitrogen for storage if possible. Divide the peptide into smaller aliquots for individual experimental use.

Storing Peptides In Solution

Solutions have a shorter shelf life and are prone to bacterial degradation. Use sterile buffers with a pH between 5 and 6. Divide into aliquots to minimize freeze-thaw cycles. Refrigerated solutions remain stable for up to 30 days.

Peptide Storage Containers

Use clean, durable, and chemically resistant containers. High-quality glass vials offer optimal stability and inertness. Plastic vials made from polypropylene are also suitable. Size containers appropriately to minimize excess air.

Peptide Storage Guidelines: General Tips

• Store in a cold, dry, and dark environment.
• Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
• Minimize air exposure to prevent oxidation.
• Protect from light.
• Keep lyophilized whenever possible.
• Use aliquots to prevent unnecessary handling.